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Question
1. Write a note on Nursing Cosmetic Procedures Theory in approx 800 words with references to APA.
2. Summarise the suggested potential complications that may arise and explain why.
3. What does the author suggest are the differences between Botox and Dysport and analyse the differences in results?
4. Why are there age considerations when treating clients with neurotoxins? Why would clients age 18-25 be considering neurotoxins?
5. What can cause spread of botulinum toxin product into other areas?
6. The study explains that a side result of treating frown lines is that it also helps with the treatment of depression. The product can also be used to treat migraines. How might this work?
Clinical Study 2
1. Explain the difference between different types of dermal fillers and provide some examples of each. (Ensure they are available for use in Australia).
2. Describe the characteristics of the ideal filler agents.
3. Explain the term ‘homogenous distribution’ and how is it achieved?
4. Discuss why the author suggests that treatment should be carried out with the ‘bevel up’.
5. The author discusses layer fillers to achieve an optimal correction. Discuss what he is referring to and what products you can layer.
6. From your previous answer, can you mix products?
7. The author suggests “The injection of almost any dermal filler may be associated with minor adverse effects, such as injection-site burning, itching, or pain (secondary to stretching of cutaneous nerves), erythema, edema, bruising or hematoma formation, even with excellent technique”. Following initial insult from the injection, summarise how you would explain to a client what they may expect over the next 96 hours and why.
8. This paper discusses potential complications that can arise when injecting. Using a table and your own words, identify and describe 5 potential complications that may arise when injecting HA dermal fillers and how they can be addressed or prevented.
9. This article is American: what products are available in Australia that can help correct problems associated with HA injections and how do they work?
Answer
2. The overdose of botulinum toxin tends to functioning ability of a human body. The muscles on which this botulinum toxin is injected tends to paralyze either partially or completely depending on the intensity of the dose. This may cause facial paralysis or tends to weaken the limb of a person. This paralysis persists only till the effect of the injected drug is there.
3. The FDA for similar cosmetic indications like the Botox cosmetic approves Dysport. Botox and the Dysport both are the commercial formulations of the BTX-A. For the treatment of the facial lines, both are successful in treating the severe glabellar lines linked with the procerus and corrugator muscle activity (Yamauchi, 2010).
Both Botox and Dysport is a form of a botulinum toxin injection and both are used for the treating wrinkles in adults. The content of both are same but the amount of protein content in them varies in amount. The Dysport work towards treating the wrinkles which appears in the area around the Glabella, which is the area in between the eyebrows. While Botox is used for the treatment of lines appearing in the forehead and also the crow’s feet along with the area between the eyebrows. The result of a Dysport is seen in not more than two days but the result of Botox is witness within a weak. The cost of a Dysport is average while the cost of Botox is comparatively higher and both are estimated depending upon the units required.
4. Age is considered as the elasticity of the skin as well as the skin goes thinner with the age. The face muscle also gets weaker as well as the wrinkles which occur with the tissues that are gravity-induced becomes sagging than that of the contradiction of the muscles which responds in a weak manner with the treatment with neurotoxin while 18-25 years age have elastic skin.
5. In the case of the older patient who possesses redundant skin below the brow which is worsened by the treatment with the botulinum toxin which gives rise to the complications like the eyelid ptosis during the absent or reduced orbital septum (Chan et al., 2018).If an overdose of botulinum toxin is injected into a patient it paralyze the face of the patient and weakens their limbs. So steps should be taken to get it injected from an experienced person. In case if a patient experiences problem in breathing, talking, hazy eye sight and feels numbness in his limbs after taking botulinum toxin injection he should approach the concerned doctor.
6. The treatment with BTX for the treatment of the frown lines is utilized for treating the depression. The frown muscles are relaxed which derives fewer facial responses for the negative emotions which acts as a psychological mechanism.
The BTX is injected in the selected muscles of the face by an experienced person, it does not require any anethesis and works within a span of 10 minutes.
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Please discuss in more detail. Please reference.
Clinical Study 2
1. The passive dermal filler which is the space filling agents are the hyaluronic acids, collagen, calcium hydroxylapatite, as well as the medical devices which are injectable like the poly-L-lactic acid which is utilized commonly for the facial rejuvenation and the passive agents like the PLLA and CaHA, are the agents which are deeply implanted (de Maio et al., 2017).
2. The ideal filling agents are required to be easily administered, safe, stored at room temperature, effective and are long-lasting. It should also comprise of the Has, collagens, CaHAs as well as injectable PLLA. Discuss why hyaluronic acid fillers do not require skin testing prior to use.
The Hydraulic Acid filler which is utilized in the dermal fillers are sourced from the bacterial or avian sources thus, are highly purified formulations as well as there is a rare occurrence of the immunological reactions. So, this does not require skin testing before use.
3. Homogeneous distribution is the aggressive massage that is performed immediately after the numerous injections that are done on the skin as well as after the completion of the cosmetic unit. The patient is required to massage for 5 minutes, not more than that to restrict the papules formation or nodules (Qaqish, 2016).
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Place Your Order4. At the time of the treatment, the needle placed on the skin is required to be level up to restrict the injection regarding all the dermal fillers prior the withdrawal of the needle for restricting the leakage and the product waste as well as superficial implantation that leads to nodule or papule formulation.
5. The layering of a filler is performed for the optimal correction for enhancing the volume of the entire tissues. The products which are used are CaHA or the PLLA at the time of the injection session within the area of dermal subcutaneous over the subcutaneous fat layer.
6. Yes they can be mixed as it brings out the best result.
7. Most of the dermal filler has a detrimental effect on the site of the injection. They tend to cause itching and burning sensation on the affected site along with pain. Such a problem is treated with the use of ice packs or warm compressors.
8. HA affects total 97% patients who have maintained cosmetic effects of Evolence over 6 months. It is crosslinked with the operation as a dermal filler and is chemically stabilized. It creates the fluid matrix in the connective tissues. Though most HA is injected along with a 30-gauge needle while it is recommended for using a 27-gauge needle for injection of the further viscid or greater, more varieties of HA that is particulate like the Juvéderm Ultra Plus as well as Perlane (Nestor et al., 2017).
Please read question again, this question is asking for a table.
Serial Number Potential complications How they can be addressed or prevented
1- Infection The injection should be sterilized.
2- Hypersensitivity The epinephrine needs to be medicated.
3- Lumps
4- Skin discoloration Rosacea treatment can be effective in this case.
5- Vascular occlusion Nitroglycerin can be used
9. Antibiotics are used for the treatment of problems associated with HA injections. Antibiotics like clindamycin, linezolid, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or vancomycin are used for treating such problems.
References
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Chan, I. L., Cohen, S., da Cunha, M. G., &Maluf, L. C. (2018). Characteristics and management of Asian skin. International journal of dermatology.
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de Maio, M., Swift, A., Signorini, M., &Fagien, S. (2017). Facial assessment and injection guide for botulinum toxin and injectable hyaluronic acid fillers: focus on the upper face. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 140(2), 265e-276e.
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Nestor, M. S., Kleinfelder, R. E., & Pickett, A. (2017). The Use of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Aesthetics: Key Clinical Postulates. Dermatologic Surgery, 43, S344-S362.
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Qaqish, C. (2016). Botulinum toxin use in the upper face. Atlas Oral MaxillofacSurgClin North Am, 24, 95-103.
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Yamauchi, P. S. (2010). Selection and preference for botulinum toxins in the management of photoaging and facial lines: patient and physician considerations. Patient preference and adherence, 4, 345.
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