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Question 1
Select a rural or remote community and critically examine the main attributes/elements so as to ascertain their impact on the communities. You may locate these attributes in the social, economic, political, cultural and geographical sphere of rurality.
Answer:
In order to complete this section of assignment, we have selected Kiwirrkurra community area as a most rural or remote community area in Australia. This area is a very rural area in Australia. It is a small community in the area in the western part of Australia. It is near the Gibson Desert. According to the statistic of 2014 it had nearby 421 population. It was established early in the 1980s. And this area is much undeveloped in regards to drainage and transportation. Here the family and aboriginal people who are residing are not enabled to provide the quality of education to their children not they are able to have a proper drainage system in their area nor they have proper infrastructure regarding roads transportation. Many of the aboriginals are residing there in very worst condition (Kiwirrkurra et al., 2015). Due to not having the easy access to road transportation and proper healthcare facility in their region people of Kiwirrkurra are suffering from many health diseases and are not able to get proper health facility. So due to this people are suffering a lot in Kiwirrkurra region. Involvement of this Kiwirrkurra region with other developed region is very little and they are really striving hard to survive. During the time of the 1980s, no proper government initiative has been taken to redress the situation of the Kiwirrkurra community people. And due to this they are in worst condition and fighting for their survival. During the period of the 1960s, many groups began making the contact with the developed region but dint found success. So again they are living in their traditional style of hunter-gathers.
Impact of Kiwirrkurra community on the social, cultural, political and geographical sphere of rurality.
Kiwirrkurra community is the most remote and undeveloped community area in the western part of Australia. Kiwirrkurra region has no proper drainage system which is hampering the overall community development. Due to lack of drainage system, it is causing the life threating challenges for the Kiwirrkurra region people.
Lack of drainage leads to having poor waste management habits and this is adversely affecting the environment and society. Due to this Flooding occurs and causing the damage to the property and destruction of the crops and plant. So in this way, the overall social and environmental environment is been affected by not having the proper drainage system in the Kiwirrkurra region.
As there is no proper transportation facility available in Kiwirrkurra region which has adversely affected the cultural as well as the political environment of that region. Due to lack of transportation facility, people of the Kiwirrkurra are less politically strong. Due to less education system standard of living is also very poor and disguised affecting the overall development of the society.
Due to low infrastructure regarding the transportation facility Kiwirrkurra region is unable to connect with other developed regions so the pace of development in regards to society is not possible and up to the mark.
As here, in this case, Kiwirrkurra region no proper transportation is available which is impacting the culture of the region as people are not able to contact with other developed regions so they are unable to change and uplift their culture. They will follow their traditional culture only they will not be able to change their culture according to the demanding situation. So due to lack of proper transportation people of Kiwirrkurra are following their previous culture of hunter-gathers for their survival.
In order to complete this section of assignment, we have selected Kiwirrkurra community area as a most rural or remote community area in Australia. This area is a very rural area in Australia. It is a small community in the area in the western part of Australia. It is near the Gibson Desert. According to the statistic of 2014 it had nearby 421 population. It was established early in the 1980s. And this area is much undeveloped in regards to drainage and transportation. Here the family and aboriginal people who are residing are not enabled to provide the quality of education to their children not they are able to have a proper drainage system in their area nor they have proper infrastructure regarding roads transportation. Many of the aboriginals are residing there in very worst condition (Kiwirrkurra et al., 2015). Due to not having the easy access to road transportation and proper healthcare facility in their region people of Kiwirrkurra are suffering from many health diseases and are not able to get proper health facility. So due to this people are suffering a lot in Kiwirrkurra region. Involvement of this Kiwirrkurra region with other developed region is very little and they are really striving hard to survive. During the time of the 1980s, no proper government initiative has been taken to redress the situation of the Kiwirrkurra community people. And due to this they are in worst condition and fighting for their survival. During the period of the 1960s, many groups began making the contact with the developed region but dint found success. So again they are living in their traditional style of hunter-gathers.
Impact of Kiwirrkurra community on the social, cultural, political and geographical sphere of rurality.
Kiwirrkurra community is the most remote and undeveloped community area in the western part of Australia. Kiwirrkurra region has no proper drainage system which is hampering the overall community development. Due to lack of drainage system, it is causing the life threating challenges for the Kiwirrkurra region people.
Lack of drainage leads to having poor waste management habits and this is adversely affecting the environment and society. Due to this Flooding occurs and causing the damage to the property and destruction of the crops and plant. So in this way, the overall social and environmental environment is been affected by not having the proper drainage system in the Kiwirrkurra region.
As there is no proper transportation facility available in Kiwirrkurra region which has adversely affected the cultural as well as the political environment of that region. Due to lack of transportation facility, people of the Kiwirrkurra are less politically strong. Due to less education system standard of living is also very poor and disguised affecting the overall development of the society.
Due to low infrastructure regarding the transportation facility Kiwirrkurra region is unable to connect with other developed regions so the pace of development in regards to society is not possible and up to the mark.
As here, in this case, Kiwirrkurra region no proper transportation is available which is impacting the culture of the region as people are not able to contact with other developed regions so they are unable to change and uplift their culture. They will follow their traditional culture only they will not be able to change their culture according to the demanding situation. So due to lack of proper transportation people of Kiwirrkurra are following their previous culture of hunter-gathers for their survival.
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Research the literature on Rural Social Work Practice and critically examine how rural practice is comparable or distinct from urban social work practice.
Answer:
The researcher has proved that there is two type of social work practice mainly rural social work practice and urban social work practice.
According to a various literature review and researchers, it was found that many country and nation are taking initiative to encourage the organization and individual to participate in rural social work practice. The main aim is to provide development to the remote area and to uplift the standard of living of the people residing in the rural area.
According to Richard Pugh and Brain Cheers they mentioned in their paper that rural social work practitioners play a crucial role in making the underdeveloped or remote community into the effective and developed community by their continuous effort. In his paper, he also very clearly mentioned that rural social work is very different from the urban social work. As in rural social work, a practitioner needs to a lot a more time to visit the region and motivate the people who are residing in that remote area to accept the change and uplift the standards of living. Practicing the rural social work demand more time and energy (Baldwin et al., 2016). They find difficulties in finding the ethical way out to solve the rural problem. While working in the urban social work will have less effort and time because the reach is also very easy.
Urban Social Work Context
As indicated by late measurements from the World Health Organization (WHO), over half of the total populace lives in an urban territory, however, this is anticipated to develop to 70% by the year 2050. With such thickly populated regions, urban conditions will probably encounter expansive incongruities in financial status, higher rates of savage wrongdoings, and expanded nearness of minimized populaces. An urban people group are likewise connected with the higher commonness of mental stressors that are the immediate consequence of expanded thickness in urban communities.
Provincial Social Work (Rural Social Work)
Because of the way that country groups are frequently segregated from other geographic territories by moving slopes, mountains, waterways, ranches, and then some, a standout amongst the most conspicuous issues in rustic social work is a constrained measure of assets. Since there may not be an in-understanding treatment focus or analyst inside 100 miles, provincial tenants have extensively less assortment as to social administrations accessible inside their span. Moreover, the social administration experts that do work in country groups frequently have constrained training and an absence of outside referral assets to give the care that is expected to customers (Coates et al., 2016).
Differences and similarities
Social workers are almost doing the same job and applying the same skill in delivering the social work services in the different communities. The reach of urban communities is quite easy as compared to the rural communities reach. The basic facility and improvement or help which is needed in rural communities is in regards to health, drainage system, and proper transportation system. Whereas social practitioner needs to address the issues like health and other mental issues in the urban area as there is no need to address the issues of transportation and other drainage issues in the urban area as it is already having the proper infrastructure regarding the drainage and transportation.
So the social work practitioner needs to understand the communities first then according to the need for the needs of the particular community they should deliver their social services.
Say for example social work practitioner need to address the basic needs of the people who are residing in the rural or remote areas. Whereas social work practitioner needs to address other social factors such as improvement in health care factors in the urban area. Although the basic skills of the social worker are almost same across the different countries and region (Fook et al., 2016). But it is very important for the social work practitioner to hone their ability in a way to address the basic problem that the particular community is facing, whether urban or rural.
The researcher has proved that there is two type of social work practice mainly rural social work practice and urban social work practice.
According to a various literature review and researchers, it was found that many country and nation are taking initiative to encourage the organization and individual to participate in rural social work practice. The main aim is to provide development to the remote area and to uplift the standard of living of the people residing in the rural area.
According to Richard Pugh and Brain Cheers they mentioned in their paper that rural social work practitioners play a crucial role in making the underdeveloped or remote community into the effective and developed community by their continuous effort. In his paper, he also very clearly mentioned that rural social work is very different from the urban social work. As in rural social work, a practitioner needs to a lot a more time to visit the region and motivate the people who are residing in that remote area to accept the change and uplift the standards of living. Practicing the rural social work demand more time and energy (Baldwin et al., 2016). They find difficulties in finding the ethical way out to solve the rural problem. While working in the urban social work will have less effort and time because the reach is also very easy.
Urban Social Work Context
As indicated by late measurements from the World Health Organization (WHO), over half of the total populace lives in an urban territory, however, this is anticipated to develop to 70% by the year 2050. With such thickly populated regions, urban conditions will probably encounter expansive incongruities in financial status, higher rates of savage wrongdoings, and expanded nearness of minimized populaces. An urban people group are likewise connected with the higher commonness of mental stressors that are the immediate consequence of expanded thickness in urban communities.
Provincial Social Work (Rural Social Work)
Because of the way that country groups are frequently segregated from other geographic territories by moving slopes, mountains, waterways, ranches, and then some, a standout amongst the most conspicuous issues in rustic social work is a constrained measure of assets. Since there may not be an in-understanding treatment focus or analyst inside 100 miles, provincial tenants have extensively less assortment as to social administrations accessible inside their span. Moreover, the social administration experts that do work in country groups frequently have constrained training and an absence of outside referral assets to give the care that is expected to customers (Coates et al., 2016).
Differences and similarities
Social workers are almost doing the same job and applying the same skill in delivering the social work services in the different communities. The reach of urban communities is quite easy as compared to the rural communities reach. The basic facility and improvement or help which is needed in rural communities is in regards to health, drainage system, and proper transportation system. Whereas social practitioner needs to address the issues like health and other mental issues in the urban area as there is no need to address the issues of transportation and other drainage issues in the urban area as it is already having the proper infrastructure regarding the drainage and transportation.
So the social work practitioner needs to understand the communities first then according to the need for the needs of the particular community they should deliver their social services.
Say for example social work practitioner need to address the basic needs of the people who are residing in the rural or remote areas. Whereas social work practitioner needs to address other social factors such as improvement in health care factors in the urban area. Although the basic skills of the social worker are almost same across the different countries and region (Fook et al., 2016). But it is very important for the social work practitioner to hone their ability in a way to address the basic problem that the particular community is facing, whether urban or rural.
Question 3
Choose any one policy area (for e.g. housing, domestic violence, mental health, disability and old age) and critically reflect upon its implications on rural communities. Substantiate your answer with an example of policy change and its implication.
Answer:
In a way to complete this section of assignment, housing policy has been selected.
The NAHA, which has been alluded to as Australia's lodging approach, is a "national association assertion" by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG). Its biggest part is social lodging. Central government priests have portrayed the A$1.3 billion-a-year NAHA as a "servile disappointment"(Colic et al., 2015)
Objectives of housing policy are as follows
To persuade and help all individuals and specifically the houseless and the deficiently housed, to secure for themselves moderate haven through access to arrive, materials, innovation, and fund.
To enhance the earth of human settlements with a view to raising the quality of life through the arrangement of drinking water, sanitation, and other essential administrations.
Housing policy leads to transportation availability with ease.
It positively impacted on living standard as it will raise the standard of living.
Improved health due to proper houses, as it will lead to having proper sanitation system which will reduce many diseases which are caused by improper sanitation such as infection and other stomach related problem.
The government of Australia is seeking to enhance the development of rural and regional Kiwirrkurra in a number of ways which include: supporting new industry development; improving critical drainage and transport linkages; linking tourism infrastructure; and improving the links between regional Kiwirrkurra and the new opportunities offered in education and information technology. So for developing the whole nation and country government of Australia has taken the various initiative to provide the major facility related to health and education and besides this initiative, it also launched housing policy in which the resident of Kiwirrkurra has allowed to afford to live in the proper house.
So the major implication of housing policy in the remote area of Australia is as follows.
As according to the housing policy or developing the houses has many positive impacts on the rural economy. As developing the houses need to have numerous person to make the project possible which leads to having employment in the rural area. For developing the houses it requires to transport various kind and types of materials from different part of the region which leads to having improved infrastructure in the overall economy.
Due to housing policy, it leads to the sustainable environment as proper houses contribute to avoid or minimize the various type of waste which are causing environmental issues such as non-availability of proper sanitation and drainage system. So the absence of these facilities is causing many challenges and environmental issues. So through housing facility, it enables to provide the proper houses with proper drainage and sanitation system. So the reduction in the 0 can be noticed through housing policy.
Housing policy leads to having much positive implication on the rural region as it increases the employment rate.
Previously in a way to increase the standard of level of rural area organization of CEDP implemented various program related to education, drainage system and health but they fail to address the exact need of the rural people who are residing in the remote area like Kiwirrkurra as the main reason in that area is drainage system and transportation. So after realizing the government of Australia and NAHA association has implemented the policy regarding providing affordable housing which has positively impacted and found worthy. As it not increase the employment and transposition in the overall economy but also leads to having proper sanitation and drainage system in the rural area.
In a way to complete this section of assignment, housing policy has been selected.
The NAHA, which has been alluded to as Australia's lodging approach, is a "national association assertion" by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG). Its biggest part is social lodging. Central government priests have portrayed the A$1.3 billion-a-year NAHA as a "servile disappointment"(Colic et al., 2015)
Objectives of housing policy are as follows
To persuade and help all individuals and specifically the houseless and the deficiently housed, to secure for themselves moderate haven through access to arrive, materials, innovation, and fund.
To enhance the earth of human settlements with a view to raising the quality of life through the arrangement of drinking water, sanitation, and other essential administrations.
Housing policy leads to transportation availability with ease.
It positively impacted on living standard as it will raise the standard of living.
Improved health due to proper houses, as it will lead to having proper sanitation system which will reduce many diseases which are caused by improper sanitation such as infection and other stomach related problem.
The government of Australia is seeking to enhance the development of rural and regional Kiwirrkurra in a number of ways which include: supporting new industry development; improving critical drainage and transport linkages; linking tourism infrastructure; and improving the links between regional Kiwirrkurra and the new opportunities offered in education and information technology. So for developing the whole nation and country government of Australia has taken the various initiative to provide the major facility related to health and education and besides this initiative, it also launched housing policy in which the resident of Kiwirrkurra has allowed to afford to live in the proper house.
So the major implication of housing policy in the remote area of Australia is as follows.
As according to the housing policy or developing the houses has many positive impacts on the rural economy. As developing the houses need to have numerous person to make the project possible which leads to having employment in the rural area. For developing the houses it requires to transport various kind and types of materials from different part of the region which leads to having improved infrastructure in the overall economy.
Due to housing policy, it leads to the sustainable environment as proper houses contribute to avoid or minimize the various type of waste which are causing environmental issues such as non-availability of proper sanitation and drainage system. So the absence of these facilities is causing many challenges and environmental issues. So through housing facility, it enables to provide the proper houses with proper drainage and sanitation system. So the reduction in the 0 can be noticed through housing policy.
Housing policy leads to having much positive implication on the rural region as it increases the employment rate.
Previously in a way to increase the standard of level of rural area organization of CEDP implemented various program related to education, drainage system and health but they fail to address the exact need of the rural people who are residing in the remote area like Kiwirrkurra as the main reason in that area is drainage system and transportation. So after realizing the government of Australia and NAHA association has implemented the policy regarding providing affordable housing which has positively impacted and found worthy. As it not increase the employment and transposition in the overall economy but also leads to having proper sanitation and drainage system in the rural area.
References
Kiwirrkurra, I. P. A., Cowan, M., Bray, R., & Paltridge, R. (2015). Kiwirrkurra Indigenous Protected Area BushBlitz Survey.
Baldwin, M. (2016). Social work, critical reflection, and the learning organization. Routledge.
Fook, J. (2016). Social work: A critical approach to practice. Sage
Coates, J., & Hetherington, T. (2016). Decolonizing social work. Routledge.
Colic-Peisker, V., Ong, R., & Wood, G. (2015). Asset poverty, precarious housing and ontological security in older age: an Australian case study. International Journal of Housing Policy, 15(2), 167-186.
Baldwin, M. (2016). Social work, critical reflection, and the learning organization. Routledge.
Fook, J. (2016). Social work: A critical approach to practice. Sage
Coates, J., & Hetherington, T. (2016). Decolonizing social work. Routledge.
Colic-Peisker, V., Ong, R., & Wood, G. (2015). Asset poverty, precarious housing and ontological security in older age: an Australian case study. International Journal of Housing Policy, 15(2), 167-186.
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